Verbal intelligence: what is it and how to develop it?
Verbal intelligence is a person's linguistic skills, his ability to operate with language. We use this kind of intelligence in almost all spheres of life. Speech, writing, reading — all these abilities are in his power. The most intensive development of this intelligence occurs at an early age, when the process of cognition of the surrounding world begins.
The content of the article:
Parents are the main helpers
A little bit about the games
At preschool age, a child increasingly tends to discuss phenomena, objects of the surrounding world, and relationships between people. With the help of verbal intelligence, the child's ability to perceive the meaning of words is determined, and then after some time to repeat them orally and in writing, to understand more complex verbal structures, including phrases, phrases, expressions, paragraphs and entire books. This kind of intelligence is far from static, as many mistakenly believe. He is very
It is flexible and can improve or, conversely, deteriorate both in the early stages of development and in later life. It includes the entire vocabulary of a person. It is verbal intelligence, the fundamental resource of our brain, that has created all these thousands of languages spoken by people all over the world.
Speech is closely related to the child's thinking. As he grows, his contacts with other children expand and enrich — younger, one-year-olds, seniors, communication with whom is so necessary in children's games. In interaction with adults and children, speech becomes one of the main means of communication, and the development of speech at the age of school is the most responsible direction in the emotional and intellectual development of children.
Speech development is driven not only by the child's increasing need for communication, but also by new types of activities that he learns. Therefore, by the end of preschool age, the cognitive activity of children from the sound side of the word is increasingly shifting to the semantic side. So, older preschoolers, for example, feel joy when they pun using the meaning of one word instead of another that sounds similar. Let's recall, for example, the heroes of the fairy tale "Alice in Wonderland" by L. Carroll: Humpty Dumpty tells about the origin of several words from the poem:
Flimsy ← flimsy + nimble
Grunt ← grunt + laugh.
The development of verbal intelligence in children is happening rapidly. The dictionary of a three-year-old modern child has an average of 1200 words, and the active vocabulary of a six-year-old preschooler increases almost 3 times (3000-3500 words). Among the characteristic features of speech development of preschoolers, "verbality" is noted, i.e. most often in their speech they use verbs related to movement (walking, running, jumping, riding) and activity (drawing, sculpting, playing). Due to familiarity with new concepts and their meanings, generalizations appear in children's speech. By the age of 6, children already have a fairly good command of grammar. They learn the types of declensions and conjugations, and learn to build more complex sentences. By school, children can correctly use all conjunctions and prefixes, and are also able to understand and use new words, their forms and combinations by analogy with previously learned words, forms and their combinations.
Verbal intelligence is the main partner of social intelligence, the closest friend and constant companion of sensory intelligence. It is our senses that provide us with the information that the brain uses to compose words. For example, the eye sees a ball — and the brain immediately assigns a "label" to this object — this is a "ball".
And a few words about the expressiveness of speech. To improve the culture of children's speech, its intonation expressiveness, tempo, rhythm, it is important to use tongue twisters, nursery rhymes, proverbs, role reading, dramatization of texts, as well as listen to fairy tales, poems performed by masters of the word. For example, in the Baby Club, at every lesson we practice pronouncing clean and tongue twisters, and, of course, our children really like to learn poetry. They know that later they will be able to tell them directly from the stage, with an expression and to applause. Together with the children, we also watch these performances in the video and figure out how, with what other intonation, one or another passage could be read.
And yet, nothing can replace the rich, expressive speech of the parents themselves. After all, she is a kind of standard for a child.
A good example of the speech development of a child from the life of baby club member Artemy, he is 6 years old. Olga's mother asks her son every evening to tell about everything that happened to him during the day, down to the smallest detail. And the child gives his mother a full "report" every day: where he was, and with whom he talked, and what he talked about, and what games he played at the Baby Club, and what he saw on the way home, and what his grandmother was wearing when she picked him up from swimming. And, it should be noted, this approach to the development of the Topic's speech has yielded results. The boy is smart and sociable beyond his years. And his stories are full of a lot of words, full of complex sentences and introductory constructions.
And when you become a grateful listener to your child, as Olga did (and this is not difficult at all), you will notice for yourself how much the baby will talk, and most importantly, willingly about what he saw and heard. There is nothing difficult in the development of a preschooler's speech at home. The child's brain has an excellent ability to absorb information. And the kid greedily remembers what he is interested in.
Parents are the main helpers
Good activities for the development of children's verbal intelligence can be joint activities with parents at home or outside: on the playground, in the garden, in the country, in the forest. Explain your every action to the child, speak your thoughts out loud. Believe me, there is nothing more effective and easier in the development of a preschooler's speech than simply communicating with him. As the baby's experience is enriched, new observations appear, the child's abilities develop, and speech development occurs.
Read fairy tales, poems, short stories about animals, plants, about girls and boys like himself to the child. Children just love it when they are read to. They are ready to listen to the same story over and over again, delving into the details and details, memorizing them. And if you start to retell what is already familiar to the kid a little more slowly and with stops, he himself will begin to supplement and insert what he missed. To develop the speech of preschoolers, you can also practice such a task as coming up with the end of an unfinished story, the reading of which is interrupted at an interesting place.
Try to ensure that the child perceives the maximum number of words both by ear and visually, and that vocabulary development and word play become a constant and fun part of your family culture. From the moment the child is born, you have to talk to him and sing to him. Don't think that he doesn't understand you because he can't speak. For him, speech is a means of communication with you. When he starts walking, involve him in family conversations, for example, at the dinner table. In this way, he will not only enrich his vocabulary, but also begin to understand the general meaning of the conversation. Parents should develop their own style of conversation with the child.
Make sure that the words in the child's head are constantly connected with visual images. It is best to start at the age of four months to look at the pictures in the book. When reading a book to a child or telling a story, show a picture. This activity is quickly becoming one of the most favorite for kids. Subsequently, it turns into traditional fairy tales and bedtime stories, and then into reading aloud. Gradually, the pictures in the book become less necessary, as the child begins to create images in his own mind.
A little bit about the games
Word games are one of the most important exercises for developing verbal intelligence. At an early age, when the baby has not yet learned to speak, he can imitate the characters of a fairy tale ("kwa-kwa", "pipi"), and therefore develop an articulatory apparatus.
✅"Finish the word"
2-3 year olds love this game very much. When telling a fairy tale, pause, do not finish the sentence to the end, giving the child the opportunity to "insert" a word.
✅A mistake!"
Consciously make inaccuracies in the story (change the sequence of characters, mix up their names, etc.). Let the child find the mistake and tell you. These games promote the development of memory, attentiveness and speech of the baby.
✅"Confusion"
You will need letters from the split alphabet or magnetic ones. Tell the child that you have made up two words. For example, two names of animals from hot countries. Lay out the letters O, L, W, R, N, A, F, C, and in front of the baby. Ask him to guess what kind of animals they are and add up their names from the letters (giraffe, elephant). Next time, make a wish for two animals of the north (O, R, N, E, W, M, L, O, L – walrus, deer).
Make up words on any topic. Do not forget to talk about the topic of the riddle — this will help him choose the answers. When the child learns to make words out of letters fairly quickly, try not to name the topic of the riddle.
✅"I am an artist"
This game will help children aged 5-7 to form the skill of meaningful reading and develop the expressiveness of speech. You will need paper, colored pencils or markers. Write the suggestions from this list on separate sheets of paper.
Open your mouth and say, "Aah!"
Caution! The doors are closing!
Buy ice cream! Creamy, fruity, chocolate!
Stop! Who's coming?
Warm weather and heavy rains are expected today.
A letter for you!
What kind of hairstyle do you want to do?
The right rudder! Full speed ahead!
Invite the child to read the sentences and guess which professions people can say such words. After that, try to read these sentences, playing the roles of people of these professions, make some characteristic movements, recite in an appropriate voice.
"The Magic Plate"
Prepositions are the first words available to a child for independent reading. Some prepositions consist of a single letter, and some coincide with syllables. It is worth trying to use this advantage of theirs when teaching a child to read. Take a dice with dots and a disposable cardboard plate, draw it using a ruler and pencil into 8 sectors. In each sector, write one preposition: IN, ON, UNDER, BY, FOR, FROM, OVER, TO.
Throw the cube on the plate, look at which sector it hit. You need to come up with a sentence with a dropped preposition. Now it's the kid's turn. If it will be difficult for him to come up with sentences, help him, tell him what you can come up with a sentence with this preposition. And when the child learns to do it himself, complicate the rules of the game: you need to come up with as many suggestions as there are points on the dropped face of the cube.
